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Learn genetics utah edu content labs gel

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What are these things doing in my PCR reaction? Primers are short pieces of DNA that are made in a laboratory. Since theyre custom built, primers can have any sequence of nucleotides youd like In a PCR experiment, two primers are designed to match to the segment of DNA you want to copy. Through complementary base pa ng, one primer attaches to the top strand at one end of your segment of interest, and the other primer attaches to the bottom strand at the other end. In most cases, 2 primers that are 20 or so nucleotides long will target just one place in the entire genome. Primers are also necessary because DNA polymerase cant attach at just any old place and start copying away. It can only add onto an existing piece of DNA. DNA Polymerase is a naturally occurring complex of proteins whose function is to copy a cells DNA before it divides in two. When a DNA polymerase molecule bumps into a primer thats base-paired with a longer piece of DNA, it attaches itself near the end of the primer and starts adding nucleotides. n nature, these primers are made by an enzyme called primase) The DNA polymerase in our bodies breaks down at temperatures well below 95 C (203 °F), the temperature necessary to separate two complementary strands of DNA in a test tube. The DNA polymerase thats most often used in PCR comes from a strain of bacteria called Thermus aquaticus that live in the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park. It can survive near boiling temperatures and works quite well at 72 C (162 F) Nucleotides are the building blocks that DNA molecules are made of. You add a mixture of four types of nucleotides to your PCR reaction As, Cs, Gs and Ts. DNA polymerase grabs nucleotides that are floating in the liquid around it and attaches them to the end of a primerURL:  http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/.

QUESTION 13

C. Gel electrophoresis, p. 176.

URL:
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/.

Questions for Review, p. 176.

Question 13: What is the purpose of gel
electrophoresis?

Gel electrophoresis magnifies DNA so that it is large enough to
see a single DNA strand.
Gel electrophoresis cuts DNA into many fragments.
Gel electrophoresis replaces faulty genes in human cells.
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based upon
length.

1 points   

QUESTION 14

C.  Gel electrophoresis, p. 176.

Questions for Review, p.
176.

Question 14:  Because DNA is ________
charged, it migrates toward the _________ pole (end) of the gel
when an electrical current is passed through the gel.

positively, positive
positively, negative
negatively, negative
negatively, positive

1 points   

QUESTION 15

C. Gel electrophoresis, p. 176.

Questions for Review, p. 176.

Question 15:  What is the function of
the following in gel electrophoresis: comb, gel box,
micropipette, loading buffer, DNA size standard? Match the
following.

      –       A.
      B.       C.
      D.       E.
  		 comb
      –       A.
      B.       C.
      D.       E.
  		 gel box
      –       A.
      B.       C.
      D.       E.
  		 micropipette
      –       A.
      B.       C.
      D.       E.
  		 loading buffer
      –       A.
      B.       C.
      D.       E.
  		 DNA size standard
A. prevents DNA from floating out of wells and makes the position
of the DNA easier to see
B. houses gel and exposes it to an electrical current generated by
a power supply
C. used to transfer small volumes of liquid
D. creates wells on one end of the gel for loading of the DNA
E. contains DNA molecules of known size that may be used to gauge
the location of fragments of interest in the gel

5 points   

QUESTION 16

C.  Gel Electrophoresis, p. 176.

Gel electrophoresis-Hook up the electrical current and
run the gel.

Questions for Review, p.
176.

Question 16: How does one know that current is
running through the gel?

The gel will turn blue under special lighting.
The buffer becomes cloudy.
Bubbles will surface in the gel box.
DNA will move out of the wells and into the buffer.
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1 points   

QUESTION 17

C.  Gel Electrophoresis, p. 175.

Gel electrophoresis-Stain
the gel and analyze the results.

Questions for Review, p.
176.

Question 17: Which of the following chemicals
may be used to stain the gel after it is run?

ligase
primers
agarose
ethidium bromide
EcoRI

1 points   

QUESTION 18

C. Gel Electrophoresis, p. 176

Gel electrophoresis-Stain the gel and
analyze the results.

Questions for Review, p. 177.

Question 18: What protective equipment is
required to stain and visualize a gel using ethidium bromide?
Choose TWO answers.

a lead apron/body
disposable gloves
a gas
protective goggles or face

1 points   

QUESTION 19

C.  Gel Electrophoresis, p. 177.

Gel electrophoresis-Stain the gel and
analyze the results.

Questions for Review, p.
177.

Question 19:  On your virtual gel,
what was the approximate length of the DNA molecule closest to the
top of the gel (in the first well)?

15,000 bp
7,000 bp
6,000 bp
3,200 bp

1 points   

QUESTION 20

C.  Gel Electrophoresis, p. 176.

Gel electrophoresis-Stain
the gel and analyze the results.

Questions for Review, p.
177.

Question 20: On your virtual gel, what was the
approximate length of the DNA molecule in the
middle of the gel (in the first well)?

5,000 bp
3,500 bp
2,500 bp
1,700 bp

1 points   

QUESTION 21

C.  Gel Electrophoresis, p. 176.

Gel electrophoresis-Stain the gel and
analyze the results.

Questions for Review, p.
177.

Question 21: On your virtual gel, what was the
approximate length of the DNA molecule at the
bottom of the gel (in the first well)?

3,000 bp
2,000 bp
1,500 bp
500 bp

1 points   

QUESTION 22

POST-LAB QUESTIONS, p. 177.

1.  How is DNA
technology used in science, society, and in
medicine?  Which of the following would be considered an
example of biotechnology?

Growing
Developing a
Brewing
Crossing

1 points   

QUESTION 23

POST-LAB QUESTIONS, p. 177.

2.  After a gel is run, would you
expect to find smaller DNA fragments closer to the bottom or closer
to the top of the gel? Why?

Smaller DNA fragments would migrate closer to the bottom of the
gel since they travel faster through the porous gel relative to the
larger DNA fragments.
The
All fragments,

Also Check This  ________ are the primary concerns of someone starting a business.?

Answer

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