Which of the following statements is true of the utilitarian approach to business ethics?

Which of the following statements is true of ethical
theories?

1. Most ethical theories place utmost importance to matters of
   personal opinion, individual desires, preferences, and wants.
2. Ethical theories are very abstract and disconnected from the
   realities of the everyday life.
3. Ethical theories not only guide our actions but also provide
   reasonable justification for prescribing behavior.
4. Most ethical theories hold that good and bad acts should be
   judged by their consequences.

Which of the following statements is true of utilitarian
ethics?

1. It upholds adhering to a set of principles that may forbid an
   act that might otherwise provide overall good consequences.
2. It holds that the ethical significance of any action can be
   determined by looking at the consequences of that act.
3. It applies most appropriately to ethical personal behavior and
   decision making.
4. It believes in maximizing personal well-being and the
   achievement of hedonistic pleasures.

Which of the following reasons accounts for utilitarianism’s
dominance among policy makers and administrators?

1. The utilitarian emphasis on measuring, comparing, and
   quantifying reinforces the view that policy makers should be
   neutral administrators.
2. Policy experts at all levels are focused on results and getting
   things done.
3. Efficiency is simply another word for maximizing
   happiness.
4. Policy experts focus on the collective or aggregate good.
5. All of the answers are correct.
6. None of the answers are correct.

Which of the following statements is consistent with
principle-based ethics?

1. Obligations, responsibilities, and commitments do not determine
   the correct approach to ethics.
2. Individuals have rights that should not be sacrificed in order
   to generate a net increase in the collective good.
3. Although certain acts are wrong, they should be performed for
   the overall happiness they may produce.
4. An act that produces the greatest beneficial consequences is
   the ethically right thing to do.